James Baines was a passenger clipper ship completely constructed of timber in the 1850s and launched on 25 July 1854 from the East Boston shipyard of the famous ship builder Donald McKay in the United States for the Black Ball Line of James Baines & Co., Liverpool. all unframed prints are despatched within 2-4 days via courier or recorded mail. The ship had also state-rooms and dining-rooms of the finest design. The 1860s vessels, first generations, were of course all wooden but iron construction slowly but surely was making its way, heavier, but making the ships much stronger. From Liverpool, she transported migrants to Australia. Overall lenght: 235 US feet (71.6 m), 12.7 m (41.8 US feet) wide, 6.55 m (21.6 US feet) draft (2.5 m below beam). But soon she was beaten back by the Lightning, made by the same yard for the same company. One of the last of these late 1860s Tea/Opium composite clippers was the Dumbarton-built Cutty Sark. On July 31, she reached 18 knots and Eleanor Creesy calculated and average of 15 knots on 374 miles/24 hours. [9] Just in 1865 and 1866 the Line brought 21,000 immigrants to Queensland. This was the autobahn of the seas. Ten US-built Clippers raised to the hall of fame in terms of sustained speed over long distances. Where else could I look? From 1859 a brand new British clipper appeared, in total contrast with the American ships. Such sailing vessels were easy pickings, easy to spot and slow enough to be catch by a submarine and destroyed by gunfire. 1 for a single card, up to 4 for a pack of 16. Her figure-head wasa bust of her owner, James Baines, and on her stern was a globesupported by the arms of England and America In 1866, Barned's Banking Company Ltd collapsed during the 1866 financial market crisis. Jansen. He took the risk, like many captains after him, to catch and hold as long as possible the dreaded Roaring Forties. Some were also reconverted as had hoc frigates, like those of the American Civil War (mounting cannon, carronades, used for piracy, privateering, smuggling, or as blockade runners). All products are printed in the UK, using the latest digital presses and a gicle printmaking process. Ship builder Donald McKay laid all his skills and professional experience in the construction of this passenger carrying clipper ship, small faults that had been detected by him before in the sister ships were fixed during the building of James Baines. Like battlecruisers they were designed to catch up any ships or skirmish with larger ones. She sailed from Boston the 12th September, 1854. Fair winds and following seas ! The overall traffic by the Line from England and Scotland to Queensland is estimated at 40,000 new settlers.[10]. Thank you so much for your time. Nowadays France has a single of these medium iron clipper preserved for us to see, the 1890s nitrate carrier called the Belem, a familiar sight in tall ships events around the globe. Her remains, including the most of the undischarged cargo, were abandoned as a total loss amounting to 170,000 to her owner James Baines because the ship's insurance policy had expired three days before. Like frigates they were called composites. The Champion of the Seas was closely followed by the James Baines, considered by most sailormen to have been the fines and fastest of the great Mackey quartette. The record-beater Australian clipper Lightning of 1854. An example: Upon her first arrival in Liverpool a well-known Liverpool ship owner wrote to a Boston newspaper: "You want to know what professional men say about the ship James Baines? They influenced naval construction to this day, also allowing frigates to be faster and mixed vessels to reach good speeds while under sail, often a viable alternative to mediocre or dangerous early steam powerplants. But fast clippers carrying precious goods rarely exceeded 20 years of service. She was Built at the McKay yard, East Boston, for Enoch Train (Train & Co) for $50,000, and repurchased, still on the slipway for $90,000 by Henry Walton Grinnell (Grinnell, Minturn & Co). She has a full poop deck, between 7 and 8 feet high, under which is the cabin for female passengers and before it a large house which contains the dining saloon and other apartments. Clipper ships | Mystic Seaport We will try there to correct that issue. Her masts called fore, main, and mizzen masts carried all in all a maximum of 43 sails as a full-rigged ship with studding sails. The James Baines was one of four clipper ships built in 1854by Donald McKay for James Baines & Co. of Liverpool, who ranthe Black Ball Line of packets to Australia. The timestamp is only as accurate as the clock in the camera, and it may be completely wrong. The clipper was one of the few known larger sailing ships rigged with a moonsail. McDonnell, the first and last master of James Baines was broken-hearted following the disastrous end of his fine ship. It is blended with the cut-water, is relieved with gilded carved wood and forms a neat and appropriate ornament to the bow. He retired from naval service and died of pneumonia a few months later in his mother's cottage at Glenariff, County Antrim, Northern Ireland. (Cited from) - Her figurehead was, of course, a perfect likeness of James Baines, owner of the famous Black Ball Line of Liverpool in tailcoat and top hat, carved by Liverpudlian ship carver William Dodd of "Allan and Clotworthy's yard". In detail: All three masts (with lower, top, and topgallant masts including royal and skysail masts) had a course sail, a topsail, a topgallant sail, a royal sail, and a skysail. It was not uncommon to have 500 passengers cramped on one vessel. These first European clippers were indeed those trading between the British Isles. James Baines was not only a beautiful but also a very fast ship holding still sailing ship records as that of her first voyage from Boston to Liverpool. James Baines was a very heavily sparred ship being 2,275 GRT (Gross Registered Tons), she was wide, carrying 1,400 tons of cargo in her holds, and accommodating 800 passengers and crew in her 5 decks (3 continuous decks, forecastle and poop decks). In clipper ship record 89 days, and the James Baines set the transatlantic sailing record of 12 days 6 h from Boston to Liverpool, Eng. James Baines was a passenger clipper ship completely constructed of timber in the 1850s and launched on 25 July 1854 from the East Boston shipyard of the famous ship builder Donald McKay in the United States for the Black Ball Line of James Baines & Co., Liverpool. Still, Clippers had common characteristics, including a generous sailing area, elongated hull with fine shapes at both ends. Her unrivalled passage, of course, brought her prominently before the public and she has already been visited by many of the most eminent mechanics of the country. These two ships made headlines because their ferocious regattas were popular. It was said in her time the style in which James Baines's hull was designed and built, both inside and outside, has not been surpassed or equalled, by any other ship Donald McKay has ever constructed. The Clipper Ship James Baines - one of the Black Ball Line of Australian Packets belonging to Messrs James Baines and Co, Liverpool RMG PY8547.jpg 1,280 955; 895 KB The James Baines - p282.jpg 661 402; 304 KB Of course, composite or iron-built clippers became the norm. James Baines & Co. - Wikipedia Your wishlist has been temporarily saved. Any help please ,thanks, Hello Philip, must be Taeping It was indeed quite a famous Clipper, of 1863 built by Robert Steele & Company of Greenock and owned by Captain Alexander Rodger of Cellardyke, Fife. Australian clippers therefore were the last in use anywhere in world, up to the 1890s. The clipper was one of the few known larger sailing ships rigged with a moonsail. The ship burned down to the waterline. Guardians of the Galaxy 3 Review: Rocket Backstory Brings Creepy Heart And her cabin fittings are described as being of almost lavish splendor, with innumerable pilasters and mirrors. Her bulwarks are built solid and are surmounted by a monkey rail, which is paneled inside, and their whole height above the deck is about 6 feet, varying of course towards the ends. The ship had also state-rooms and dining-rooms of the finest design. In detail: All three masts (with lower, top, and topgallant masts including royal and skysail masts) had a course sail, a topsail, a topgallant sail, a royal sail, and a skysail. The lists of Lloyd Registers would certainly help too: https://hec.lrfoundation.org.uk/archive-library/lloyds-register-of-ships-online. With a 7/1 ratio she often rolled badly in heavy weather so much so sailors nicknamed her the diving bell. The Lightning set the all-time record for a single day's sail, covering 436 nautical miles in 24 h. The Lightning and the James Baines (both launched in 1854 Read More McKay's design In Donald McKay She was launched in April 1853. Ship builder Donald McKay laid all his skills and professional experience in the construction of this passenger carrying clipper ship, small faults that had been detected by him before in the sister ships were fixed during the building of James Baines. The Wenonah Historical Society has a model of the Eagle Wing made around 1872 or so and it would be so great to have some insight about life on board this wonderful extreme clipper. The Baines was launched on 25 July 1853 from the East Boston shipyard of Donald McKay yard, for the Black Ball Line (James Baines & Co.) of Liverpool. Americans but even Europeans flocked to California to try their luck. Californian-built made Liverpool-Melbourne on a regular basis and her first crossing in 63 days. Her sail suit was made by Messrs. Porter, Mayhew & Co., Boston. Clipper ship 'James Baines' posters & prints by Samuel Walters As of today only one great classic clipper of the golden age survived: The Cutty Sark. The 1840s saw the gradual appearance of much larger clippers, tailored to carry from the far east tea, opium, spices and other precious goods. The last of these great China clippers (a name taken back for a famous seaboat of the 1930s) appeared in 1870 ad a year prior, the Suez canal was open. Baines and his partners also owned several ships separate from each other. The other Europeans followed, and the big four-master or five-master square or schooners iron ships succeeded them until the 1930s. Gripping reading indeed. Your email address will not be published. (2,434 1,696 pixels, file size: 563 KB, MIME type: Some ships of the clipper ship era, their builders, owners, and captains; State Street Trust Company (Boston, Mass. Richard Doughty, Cutty Sark & The Great Clippers / Nautical Engineering Documentary. Capt. The Era of the Clipper Ships: The Legacy of Donald McKay Hence the highly competitive nature of these trading regattas. The latter was considered unbeatable, and his record was already five years when the Challenge went to sea. Her chief measurements were: Unfortunately despite such a rich history, no American clipper has survived. Dressed to the nines with a complement of 42 white sails, she really is a beauty. I am writing a book on a woman who sailed with her officer husband & children to New Zealand on the Chariot of Fame. On herarrival she was bought by Pilkington & Watson, agents of theWhite Star Line, for $150,000, and went into the Australiantrade. Californian-built made Liverpool-Melbourne on a regular basis and her first crossing in 63 days. She has a full topgallant focsle, which extends to the foremast and is fitted for the accommodation of her crew; and abaft the foremast a large house, which contains spacious galleys, several staterooms, storerooms, an ice room and shelters a staircase which leads to the decks below. Guardians of the Galaxy Vol. Companies still kept some more for the prestige and as a flagship than to make profit as per se. 1 for a single card, up to 4 for a pack of 16. Click on a date/time to view the file as it appeared at that time. On all hands she has been praised as the most perfect sailing ship that ever entered the river Mersey." Donald Mackay never built two ships exactly alike, and the James Baines was of slightly fuller design that the Lightning and yet sharper and longer in the bow than the Champion of the Seas. The 1863 Teaping was a 985 GRT composite clipper, and avid competitor of the tea races and in general this far east route until 1871, when the trade vanished. Due to their prolific sailing area, the great tea Clippers of the 1860s were the pinnacle of the genre, the fastest sailing trade ships ever built, up to over 16 knots (30 km/h) when the winds were favourable an the sea calm enough. This first Aberdeen clipper was the Scottish Maid (1839). In 1853 she made another run in 105 days and later broke its own record on New York-San Francisco. You can explore . She won the tea race of 1856. The Flying Cloud made headlines by linking New York to San Francisco in 89 days 8 hours, through the dreaded cape horn. The RED JACKET in Hobson's Bay | Works | The Collection | Australian She often ended her travels with part of her rig absent, as well as her crew. It was built at G.H. This painting depicts three American vessels, the LIGHTNING, JAMES BAINES and RED JACKET in Hobson's Bay, with a view of Port Melbourne in the background. I hope indeed this page will draw more researchers. Bat. all canvases are despatched within 5-7 days via courier or recorded mail. Details 1 folder (.25 linear feet) Passengers contract ticket for steerage passage is dated April 5, 1862 for passage from Liverpool, England to Melbourne, Australia, aboard the Lightning (Ship), one of the ships in the Black Ball and Eagle Line of British and Australian Ex-Royal Mail Packets The true first clippers has been the topsail schooners developed in the Chesapeake Bay right before the American Revolution, which took a prominent part in the war of 1812. This file contains additional information such as Exif metadata which may have been added by the digital camera, scanner, or software program used to create or digitize it. Founders [ edit] They were built in the USA, notably at the Californian McKay yards and many others, paid and exploited by British and Australian companies. The great incentive was the 1848 gold rush. Image reference: PY8547. [1][2] It also traded in India and Crimea. Composite steam clippers, arguably much slower but carrying more due to their stronger ans larger hull, proved more profitable. She ended her career by hitting the reefs of Ouessant, Britanny, and sank despite the help of a French gunboat in 1876. Star Clippers. James Baines caught fire on Thursday morning, 22 April 1858 while discharging her cargo in the Huskisson Dock at Liverpool following her only voyage from India. en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clipper Since the distance was short she did not need to be taller. In 1914, the numbers of sailing ships was still very impressive. On all hands she has been praised as the most perfect sailing ship that ever entered the river Mersey." The ascent from the quarter-deck to the poop consists of two staircases, built into the front of the poop. Delivery to the UK is Updates? There was yet a very young USN (13 october 1775), and alongside the famous super frigates of the USS Constitution class, Baltimore and other ports could offer privateers using Clippers. Her mastheads and yards are black; the lower masts, from the truss bands to the fife rails, are bright and varnished, their hoops white and the tops and down to the truss band are also white. The flag of the company was a red swallowtail with a black dot. It was influenced by Dryden, the English poet that first used it to describe the swift flight of a falcon in the 17th century. She carried both cargo and passengers, fully rigged with royals and skysails on three masts. They were either worn out of progress made them obsolete. Besides the American vessels, the fleet of the Line contained a number of softwood vessels built in the Maritime Provinces of Canada as well as oak and teak ships built in England and Scotland. First, the Emperor of China forbid importation of European goods and imposed payment in silver for tea. The weight and size of the steam engines and associated coal made these ships slightly bulkier and with less capacity, but this was compensated by their regularity on the long run. The ladies' cabin was in the stern section (aft) as well as the captain's rooms, the gentlemen's rooms were amidships to the ship's sides. one of the Black Ball Line of Australian Packets belonging to Messrs James Baines & Co, Liverpool'. Besides these the cabin contains 11 spacious staterooms, a bathroom and other useful apartments. Sovereign of the Seas (clipper) - Wikipedia Chas. United States. In short, and at the very moment when the steamers might dethrone them, the Clippers represented an effective alternative, albeit subject to the vagaries of the weather, but much more efficient, increasing delivery speed as more important as the payload capacity. Capt. Capt. Location of original painting unknown. Add a one-line explanation of what this file represents, Day and Son (printers); Rudolph Ackermann (publishers); Thomas Picken (engraver); Walters, S and W (publishers); Walters, Samuel (artist). Ariel was one of the first British composite clippers to be the only A-Clipper. In the front of the saloon house are the staterooms of the first & second officers, and the windows of these rooms are of stained glass and have the ships name in them. She was commissioned by Shaw, Lowther, Maxton & Co from London to Robert Steele & Greenocks yards. Click here to view book online to see this illustration in context in a browseable online version of this book.Text Appearing Before Image:Leng:th, 260 RED JACKET Tonnagre, 90.50 from the same model as the Reporter. Her hull was the work of passionate designers, the Hall brothers, which tested multiple hulls shape in a water tank. In 1851 James Baines & Co. of Liverpool entered the packet trade using the same name and flag as the New York company, despite its protests. Companies (called in French armements) such as Bordes, in Nantes, which launched in 30 years some 230 iron tall ships, specialized in carrying coal and cereals from the United States and nitrates from Chile. It was a compromise, combining large stowage capacity with yet still good sailing qualities. During her voyage of13,880 miles she averaged 200 miles a day. 3, directed by James Gunn, starts with talking trash panda Rocket (voiced by Bradley Cooper) quietly humming along to Radiohead's "Creep." Her maiden voyage in 12 days and six hours from 1224 September 1854 is still today an unbroken sailing ship record measured from East Boston (Boston Light) to Liverpool (Rock Light) - her homeport. U-Boat warfare soon condemned the tall ships trade which emerged depleted from the war. Add a one-line explanation of what this file represents, James Baines - Some ships of the clipper ship era, their builders, owners, and captains; (1913) 0045 (14774296724).jpg. Not to be undone, old Europe made a clipper, through Scottish yard Alexander Hall and Sons, innovating with a new kind of prow, soon to be called Aberdeen clipper bow. [4], The company started with its 1851 purchase of the ship Marco Polo. According to Lubbock, the Queen made remarks to the effect that "she did not know she possessed such a splendid ship in her Mercantile Marine. Their shine lasted for just ten years but they will certainly raised the clipper as a genre, as far as possible by using sailing power. all greetings cards are despatched within 1-3 days. The record stands until 1989. //fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%89tablissements_Ballande For long sea voyages, they were free of any space taken by coal of machines and thus carried more goods for the same size. In 1853 she was chartered by James Baines of the Black Ball Line, Liverpool for the Australia trade. [7] In 1864 there was an unsuccessful attempt to merge with White Star and Gibbs, Bright and Co. of Liverpool.[8]. This new breed ultimately replaced extreme clippers. Her maiden voyage in 12 days and six hours from 1224 September 1854 is still today an unbroken sailing ship record measured from East Boston (Boston Light) to Liverpool (Rock Light) - her homeport. William-j. Of course the war of 1914 would cripple this fleet. But the record holder of the largest clipper ever built went to the Great Republic, a 1853 McKay prestige vessel, displacing 4500 GRT for 400 ft (122 m) over all length. At Liverpool the James Baines was fitted and furnished for passengers by Messrs. James H. Beal and brother. She srarted as a packet vessel before being chartered by the Australian branch of the White Star Line (Australian packets) running to Australia from England 1854-1855 then by In 1862, she was sold on london, made new voyages to Australia-New Zealand and left Queenstown on 7 October 1863 for Auckland 8 January 1864 with 520 British colonial troops to deal with the Maori insurrection. Extraordinary social commentary as well as of course the daily sailing events. How lucky you are to have this! 1870-90s: The French iron tall ships era. and G. Griswold, had him baptized during the greatest launching ceremony ever seen in New York. From 1862, she sailed for James Baines & Co. with the Black Ball Line and by April 1871, resold to Harry Smith Edwards, South Shields. In 1866 the Taeping won by only 12 minutes over the Ariel, and only because the captain chose the more risky trip south. This page was last edited on 12 April 2021, at 16:53. all framed pictures are despatched within 5-7 days via courier or recorded mail. Original file (2,434 1,696 pixels, file size: 563 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg), Identifier: someshipsofclipp00stat (find matches)Title: Some ships of the clipper ship era, their builders, owners, and captains;Year: 1913 (1910s)Authors: State Street Trust Company (Boston, Mass.) James Baines & Co. operated some of the finest and most famous American clipper ships at the time, such as Champion of the Seas, Flying Cloud, James Baines, Lightning, Indian Queen, Marco Polo, Sovereign of the Seas and many others. They certainly made more profit on payload on less expensive goods which freshness was not an issue. According to Lubbock, the Queen made remarks to the effect that "she did not know she possessed such a splendid ship in her Mercantile Marine." Donald McKays Sovereign of the Seas reached the unheard of, and record-holding speed of 22 knots (41 kph) on her way to Australia. The famous Americas Cup appeared just when this trade competition between England and the USA was at its highest. James Baines & Co. of Liverpool was the British shipping company, most famous for the Liverpool Black Ball Line of Australian Packets, a fleet of packet ships running cargo and passenger services between Liverpool, England, and Australia in the second half of the 1800s. One yard in particular will rose to international fame: Canadian-born designer and builder Donald McKay. Still mentioned in the Liverpool Ship's Register of 1863 her final fate is unknown. Another reference has it that the ship became a landing stage in Liverpool harbour for the debarking steamer passengers. During her short career her first voyage to Australia took her 65 days from Liverpool to Melbourne (her 'second' maiden voyage from her homeport) in 1854 and 69 days for the return passage including the famous 420 nautical miles (780km) day's run. The 1851 gold rush in Australia motivated the construction of clippers. Pitts replaced him and made further trips. The Flying cloud, with studding sails and handkerchiefs up Painting by Jack Spurling. Copyright Office) before January 1, 1928. Taeping participated in The Great Tea Race of 1866 and narrowly defeated the Ariel. The original artefact or artwork has been assessed as public domain by age, and faithful reproductions of the two dimensional work are also public domain. In two or three trips, the ship more than made up for the expenses of its construction and maintenance. She was lost on June 19, 1874, loaded with cast iron, running aground, breaking in two off Saint-Jean (New Brunswick). Language links are at the top of the page across from the title. This page was last edited on 22 July 2022, at 01:24. She returned to England with a cargo of jute, linseed, raw cowhides and rice. Clipper could either be likened to to clip, cut, cross quickly, or get close to an marine slang term for the pinnacle of its field, a thoroughbred of the seas as it was also associated with race horses. The Baines was launched on 25 July 1853 from the East Boston shipyard of Donald McKay yard, for the Black Ball Line (James Baines & Co.) of Liverpool. The freshest tea from India up to Londons docks. The institution has legal rights sufficient to authorize others to use the work without restrictions. The ship's hull was diagonally braced with iron, and square-fastened, and all the keelsons and waterways are scarphed and keyed. Walton Advertising and Printing CompanySubjects: Clipper shipsPublisher: Boston, Mass. David. Only 25 to 30 of these clippers were launched at a rate of around four each year worldwide. The most prestigious and prolific Clipper builders and operators were the West Coast Yards. Standard postcards are 10 x 15cm (4 x 6 inches); our larger cards are 15 x 21cm (6 x 8 inches). 1836 tonnage regulations were also taken in account. Source/Photographer On Mr James Baines order the ship was equipped and fitted with the best and most modern ship improvements (pumps, windlasses & winches, Crane's self-acting chain-stoppers (invented in 1852)). Mr James Baines shipped the figurehead to the McKay shipyard, securely packed in a sturdy case. Alan Villiers describe the opinion of most sailors as being sharp-lined, built for speed () tall-sparred and carrying the utmost spread of canvas. File:The Clipper Ship James Baines - Wikimedia 5 for an unframed print of any size. Your email address will not be published. Omissions?