[200] Many of the deportations were overseen by state and local authorities who acted on the encouragement of the Hoover Administration. [96] Despite his service in the Democratic administration of Woodrow Wilson, Hoover had never been closely affiliated with either the Democrats or the Republicans. "Three-quarters of the bill will be sent to the average man and the poor," he said in a speech. [85] In addition to providing relief, the ARA rebuilt infrastructure in an effort to rejuvenate the economy of Europe. There are a surprising number of Hoovers and Hoover families in the United States, many of whom are entirely . John Nance Garner (he was Speaker of the House during the second half of Hoover's term) was the only person in Hoover's United States presidential line of succession he did not outlive. [3] Biographer Glen Jeansonne writes that Hoover was "one of the most extraordinary Americans of modern times," adding that Hoover "led a life that was a prototypical Horatio Alger story, except that Horatio Alger stories stop at the pinnacle of success". The book reflects his move towards progressive ideals, as Hoover came to endorse eight-hour workdays and organized labor. When President and Mrs. Hoover purchased the cottage in 1935 . Herbert Hoover High School 651 Glenwood Rd. Jesse and Hulda Hoover had three children. [15] Much like West Branch, Newberg was a frontier town settled largely by Midwestern Quakers. Du Bois described him as an "undemocratic racist who saw blacks as a species of 'sub-men'". }); The Hoover grandchildren at the White House. She typified the new woman of the postWorld War I era: intelligent, robust, and aware of multiple female possibilities. Date Released Listed below are details on up to five generations of descendants. For almost 6 months, the three children lived at the White House. Born in an Iowa village in 1874, he grew up in Oregon. In the 1940s and 1950s, public opinion of Hoover improved largely due to his service in various assignments for presidents Harry S. Truman and Dwight D. Eisenhower, including chairing the influential Hoover Commission. Herbert Charles Hoover (1903-1969), married 1925 to Margaret Ava Watson (1905-1983). Herbert Hoover High School. [22] Hoover was a mediocre student, and he spent much of his time working in various part-time jobs or participating in campus activities. [164], Hoover had taken office hoping to raise agricultural tariffs in order to help farmers reeling from the farm crisis of the 1920s, but his attempt to raise agricultural tariffs became connected with a bill that broadly raised tariffs. During the months that the grandchildren lived at the White House, it became a tradition for Peter and Peggy Ann to walk the President to and from the Oval Office every day, each child holding one of his hands. [199] The Hoover Administration began a campaign to prosecute illegal immigrants in the United States, which most strongly affected Mexican Americans, especially those living in Southern California. Margaret Ann, the oldest, nicknamed Peggy Ann, was almost three when Hoover was inaugurated in March, 1929; Herbert Hoover III, nicknamed Peter, was 16 months. [68] [69], Hoover worked 14-hour days from London, administering the distribution of over two million tons of food to nine million war victims. Mrs. Hoover had been busy preparing for their arrival, furnishing three bedrooms and a playroom in the attic of the White House. "Hoover and the Indians: the Case for Continuity in Federal Indian Policy, 19001933". [291] A medicine ball game known as Hooverball is named for Hoover; it was invented by White House physician Admiral Joel T. Boone to help Hoover keep fit while serving as president. The Hoover family, Allan, Herbert, Lou and Herbert Jr., visit the birth place of Herbert Hoover in West Branch, IA. [43] He specialized in rejuvenating troubled mining operations, taking a share of the profits in exchange for his technical and financial expertise. He publicly warned that Chinese workers were inefficient and racially inferior. Hoover described the New Deal's National Recovery Administration and Agricultural Adjustment Administration as "fascistic", and he called the 1933 Banking Act a "move to gigantic socialism". [148] Lou Henry Hoover was an activist First Lady. [32] Partly due to Hoover's efforts, the company eventually controlled approximately 50 percent of gold production in Western Australia. Big Games: College Football's Greatest Rivalries Page 222, George H. Nash, "The "Great Humanitarian": Herbert Hoover, the Relief of Belgium, and the Reconstruction of Europe after War I.". He tended to oppose governmental coercion or intervention, as he thought they infringed on American ideals of individualism and self-reliance. In November 1885, he went to live in Newberg, Oregon with his uncle John Minthorn, whose own son had died the year before. . [118] Other efforts at eliminating waste included reducing labor losses from trade disputes and seasonal fluctuations, reducing industrial losses from accident and injury, and reducing the amount of crude oil spilled during extraction and shipping. Plain Township, Stark County, OH, United States. [282] Biographer Kenneth Whyte writes that, "the question of where Hoover belongs in the American political tradition remains a loaded one to this day. Herbert and Lou Henry Hoover's grandchildren were an important but little publicized part of the Hoover White House. [57] Immediately after earning a promotion in 1898, Hoover cabled Lou Henry, asking her to marry him. A self-made man who became rich as a mining engineer, Hoover led the Commission for Relief in Belgium, served as the director of the U.S. Food Administration, and served as the U.S. Secretary of Commerce. [113] He also established the federal government's power to inspect planes and license pilots, setting a precedent for the later Federal Aviation Administration. Louise Brooke Hoover (1908-1985), married to Ernest Dunbar, Harold Fouts, Kenneth Stevenson, William Hauselt. [27] After working as a mine scout for a year, Hoover was hired by Bewick, Moreing & Co. ("Bewick"), a London-based company that operated gold mines in Western Australia. Hoover had six grandchildren- they are Margaret Ann Hoover (born 1926). [29] In April 2018, it was announced she would host Firing Line. He lived in Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, United States in 1930. . Recently Updated He initially sought to avoid committing to any party in the 1920 election, hoping that either of the two major parties would draft him for president at their national conventions. [253] Because of Hoover's experience with Germany at the end of World War I, in 1946 Truman selected the former president to tour Allied-occupied Germany and Rome, Italy to ascertain the food needs of the occupied nations. The 1920 Census was the first and only Decennial Census where the results were not used to reapportion Congress, which ultimately influenced the 1928 Electoral College and impacted the Presidential Election. [238] Though Hoover was eager to oppose Roosevelt at every turn, Senator Arthur Vandenberg and other Republicans urged the still-unpopular Hoover to remain out of the fray during the debate over Roosevelt's proposed Judiciary Reorganization Bill of 1937. [188] Though some economists, like William Trufant Foster, favored deficit spending to address the Great Depression, most politicians and economists believed in the necessity of keeping a balanced budget. He was one of the first graduates of the new Stanford University in 1895. [79] Under the broad powers granted by the Food and Fuel Control Act, the Food Administration supervised food production throughout the United States, and the administration made use of its authority to buy, import, store, and sell food. [76] Earning the appellation of "food czar", Hoover recruited a volunteer force of hundreds of thousands of women and deployed propaganda in movie theaters, schools, and churches. Hoover, Herbert, Jr. (3G 4A 5C 6B 7A), 1928-1972 (picture of Meredith) Hoover, Allan Henry (3G 4A 5C 6B 7B), 1964-1966 Leavitt, Mary (May)Hoover (3G 4A 5C 6B 7C), 1895-1975 2J Hoover, Susannah and Descendants, 1975-1977 and undated 2K Hoover, David and Descendants, 1964-1980 and undated 7 2L Hoover, Peter and Descendants [206] Hoover had hoped that the commission's public report would buttress his stance in favor of Prohibition, but the report criticized the enforcement of the Volstead Act and noted the growing public opposition to Prohibition. Hoover's wartime service made him a favorite of many progressives, and he unsuccessfully sought the Republican nomination in the 1920 presidential election. An historical field guide. [294], Hoover was inducted into the Australian Prospectors and Miners' Hall of Fame in the category Directors and Management.[295]. Hoover hosts PBS's reboot of the conservative interview show Firing Line. Like most other citizens of West Branch, Jesse and Hulda were Quakers. [94][95], Hoover had been little known among the American public before 1914, but his service in the Wilson administration established him as a contender in the 1920 presidential election. [98] Despite his national renown, Hoover's service in the Wilson administration had alienated farmers and the conservative Old Guard of the GOP, and his presidential candidacy fizzled out after his defeat in the California primary by favorite son Hiram Johnson. [1] She is author of the book American Individualism: How A New Generation of Conservatives Can Save the Republican Party, published by Crown Forum in 2011. With the U.S. mobilizing for war, President Wilson appointed Hoover to head the U.S. Food Administration, which was charged with ensuring the nation's food needs during the war. [122] Believing that disaster response was not the domain of the federal government, Coolidge initially refused to become involved, but he eventually acceded to political pressure and appointed Hoover to chair a special committee to help the region. [152] Most dangerous of all to the economy was excessive speculation that had raised stock prices far beyond their value. He recruited numerous academics from various fields and tasked them with publishing reports on different aspects of the economy, including steel production and films. [264] Though Eisenhower appointed Hoover to another presidential commission, Hoover disliked Eisenhower, faulting the latter's failure to roll back the New Deal. [5] She earned a B.A. In 1929 Hoover assumed the presidency during a period of widespread economic stability. [162] At the same time, Hoover opposed congressional proposals to provide federal relief to the unemployed, as he believed that such programs were the responsibility of state and local governments and philanthropic organizations. [286] Some historians trace the disaffection of the American Blacks with the Republican party to his time in office especially due to his attempt to remove Blacks from leadership in the Republican party in the South. [39], Hoover is married to fellow CNN contributor John Avlon, a former Rudy Giuliani speechwriter, senior columnist for Newsweek, and former Editor-in-Chief of The Daily Beast. Later, as the "Great Humanitarian," he directed food relief in more than three dozen nations. [103] In response to the Depression of 192021, he convinced Harding to assemble a presidential commission on unemployment, which encouraged local governments to engage in countercyclical infrastructure spending. We do not know if they solved the mystery of the White House bear, but a good time was had by all. Although offered money by Congress to return home, some members of the "Bonus Army" remained. [97] In March 1920, he changed strategy and declared himself a Republican; he was motivated in large part by the belief that the Democrats had little chance of winning. Margaret Hoover is Herbert Hoover's Great-Granddaughter Margaret Claire Hoover was born to American parents on December 11, 1977, which makes her age 42 now. Herbert Hoover was at home on six continents. However, encouraged by Republican pleas and outraged by Democratic claims, Hoover entered the public fray. Hoover's attempts at regulating radio were not supported by all congressmen, and he received much opposition from the Senate and from radio station owners. [83], World War I came to an end in November 1918, but Europe continued to face a critical food situation; Hoover estimated that as many as 400 million people faced the possibility of starvation. University of . This article is about the president of the United States. Republican President Warren G. Harding appointed Hoover as Secretary of Commerce in 1920, and he continued to serve under President Calvin Coolidge after Harding died in 1923. The Herbert Hoover Presidential Library and Museum is located in West Branch, Iowa next to the Herbert Hoover National Historic Site. [162] In early 1930, Hoover acquired from Congress an additional $100 million to continue the Federal Farm Board lending and purchasing policies. [177], By mid-1931, the unemployment rate had reached 15 percent, giving rise to growing fears that the country was experiencing a depression far worse than recent economic downturns. [243] He rejected Roosevelt's offers to help coordinate relief in Europe,[244] but, with the help of old friends from the CRB, helped establish the Commission for Polish Relief. Instead of receiving presents and goodies, however, the guests were requested to bring toys, clothing and sweets that would be sent to poor children of coal miners in West Virginia. Shots were fired by the police in a futile attempt to attain order, and two protesters were killed while many officers were injured. [251] In 1945, Hoover advised President Harry S. Truman to drop the United States' demand for the unconditional surrender of Japan because of the high projected casualties of the planned invasion of Japan, although Hoover was unaware of the Manhattan Project and the atomic bomb. He was a member of the Republican Party, holding office during the onset of the Great Depression in the United States. Hoover later claimed to be the first student at Stanford, by virtue of having been the first person in the first class to sleep in the dormitory. [209], According to Leuchtenburg, Hoover was "the last American president to take office with no conspicuous need to pay attention to the rest of the world". Jesse's blacksmith had grown to be very successful, and in 1878, Jesse Hoover sold the practice to open a farm implement store on the corner of Main and Downey Streets. in New York, New York, USA, This form allows you to report an error or to submit additional information about this family tree: Herbert HOOVER (1874), Copyright Wikipdia authors - This article is under licence CC BY-SA 3.0. [269] In 1944, he began working on Freedom Betrayed, which he often referred to as his "magnum opus". [153] Some regulators and bankers had warned Coolidge and Hoover that a failure to curb speculation would lead to "one of the greatest financial catastrophes that this country has ever seen," but both presidents were reluctant to become involved with the workings of the Federal Reserve System, which regulated banks. [a] His father, Jesse Hoover, was a blacksmith and farm implement store owner of German, Swiss, and English ancestry. 1886 August 19, 1886. Mrs. Claus made a surprise appearance and accepted the presents on behalf of Santa Claus, who was working hard but could not, by himself, take care of all the deserving little boys and girls. Hoover also helped pass the Radio Act of 1927, which allowed the government to intervene and abolish radio stations that were deemed "non-useful" to the public. [174] In response to the collapse of the German economy, Hoover marshaled congressional support behind a one-year moratorium on European war debts. Fearing the imminent collapse of the Chinese government, the director of the Chinese Engineering and Mining Company agreed to establish a new Sino-British venture with Bewick. [3] Polls of historians and political scientists have generally ranked Hoover in the bottom third of presidents. An error has occured while loading the map. [9], After graduating from college, Hoover moved to Taipei where she got her first job as a research assistant and editor in a Taiwanese law firm; she arrived on the day of the September 11 attacks. Birth of Alice Hoover. MacArthur, believing he was fighting a Communist revolution, chose to clear out the camp with military force. He employed that solution in 19251926 in the worldwide rubber crisis. Hoover had never been a strong proponent of Prohibition, but he accepted the Republican Party's plank in favor of it and issued an ambivalent statement calling Prohibition "a great social and economic experiment, noble in motive and far-reaching in purpose". I was on the slippery road of public life. He enrolled at Stanford University when it opened in 1891, graduating as a mining engineer. Tragedy struck the family when his father died in 1880 and his mother too perished a few years later in 1884. "Legacies Versus Politics: Herbert Hoover, Partisan Conflict, and the Symbolic Appeal of Associationalism in the 1920s. [270] The book was published in 2012 after being edited by historian George H. 3 children. More issues arose in 1904 after the British government formed two separate royal commissions to investigate Bewick's labor practices and financial dealings in Western Australia. This was the longest retirement in presidential history until Jimmy Carter broke that record in September 2012.[276]. I suspect that family members have visited on other occasions as well. When it became clear that an extended stay would be necessary, he and his wife arranged for the children to stay at the White House.